Abstract:本章关注苏州古城区旅游业发展的空间维度。在回顾中国和苏州城市文化旅游的演变、影响和最新趋势的基础上,结合联合国世界旅游组织的最新指南,总结促进旅游业与城市更新协调发展的三种互补策略:(1)打造复合且多样化的景点;(2)激励可替代性/非大众型旅游路线的开发;(3)根据时间段,发展多样化旅游产品。本章重点关注城市规划和设计策略,特别探讨如何在苏州古城的特定形态和文化背景下部署时空交错的旅游形式,并使当地社区受益。本研究发现,与具有排他性的简单化城市品牌营销做法相反,多样化的旅游产品可以增加苏州古城的独特韵味,同时也有助于提高城市的宜居性。这项研究还说明在中国以遗产为导向的更新项目中,城市设计有潜力...

Abstract:文章分析了循证设计原理及三要素,回顾了其发展历程,从自然元素、空间环境和功能设备3个方面详细阐述了循证设计策略的开发模式,旨在进一步推动循证设计在我国医疗建筑设计中的应用,促进整体医疗环境的优化发展。

Abstract:Urban regeneration in Western countries can count on a long-lasting tradition of experiences in which civil society has played a fundamental role in counterbalancing the system of power, resulting in profound urban governance readjustments. This has been the result of the increasing centrality of horizontal alliances between citizens and associations involved in urban affairs since the late 1960s in the West. Similar theoretical frameworks have been applied in China. However, these have frequently resulted in conceptual shortcuts that depict civil society as immature or lacking and the state as authoritarian. This paper will explore whether these categories are still entirely valid to urban regeneration in China. While the regime has traditionally prevented horizontal linkages of associations in urban governance (supporting their vertical integration to ensure a certain degree of soft control), there are signs of change. In particular, three cases of urban regeneration in historic areas will be used to discuss the changing role played by civil society in China. The ultimate goal is to examine whether horizontal linkages across groups of heterogeneous citizens are arising at the micro-level of urban governance. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Abstract:Taking an unassuming case in Suzhou, China, this research examines approaches, strategies and outcomes of recent 'exemplary' regeneration practice in China. It answers the question whether the neo-liberal approaches of the old model have been transcended to honour human-centrality and sustainability in line with 'New Urbanisation principles. Based on surveys, in-depth interviews, a focus group and archival studies, the research finds that the incorporation of social policies into regeneration strategies by the local state, despite achievements in housing and welfare provision, has not helped to transform the top-down and non-participative nature of the old regeneration model.

Abstract:As more and more countries liberalise their financial systems, capital has become increasingly mobile. These emerging capital flows and the accumulation of capital are mainly embodied in foreign direct investment. A new component is global property investment which is creating an internationalised office market and distinctive spatial patterns in global cities. Despite the increasing volume of foreign-owned property, as well as the popularity of the facilitating policies for cross-border capital flows into real estate, in both developed and developing countries, there has been little attention to the spatial characteristics of global property investment (GPI). Massive cross-border capital flows, associated with the decision of international property investors, will result in locally intensive changes. Understanding these changes will allow advice to refine and enhance sectoral and urban policy. The primary purpose of this study is, therefore, to explore the characteristics of GPI via the magnitude of the flows, global investors' location choice, links between property markets and office space markets, and government response to these outcomes. Seoul is used as case study because there is a fast growing foreign-owned office property sector along with city's growing integration with the global economy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Abstract:This study investigated the impact of outdoor air pollutants on indoor air quality in a high-rise building, considering factors related to the seasons and air infiltration. Further, the impact of atmospheric weather conditions on air infiltration has been analysed in a downtown area of Suzhou, China. The influence of the outdoor air pollution rate on indoor air quality in the office building was investigated based on on-site measurements and computer simulations. Results showed that the impact of outdoor air pollutants on indoor air quality was highest in winter, followed by spring, autumn and summer. Furthermore, multiple factors, which affect the indoor air quality in a high-rise building, have been further investigated in this study, including stack effect, wind effect, infiltration rate, outdoor air pollution rate, seasonal change and air filter efficiency. The significant influence of these factors on the indoor air quality level with floor height variations has been verified. Based on the analysis, a high-efficiency filter is recommended to maintain healthy indoor air quality. Meanwhile, a double-filter system is required if a building is exposed to heavily polluted outdoor air considering the most substantial impact of outdoor air pollutants on indoor air quality in winter. Moreover, a numerical model of steady-state indoor PM2.5 concentration was established to determine the suitable air filter efficiency and airtightness.

Abstract:根据联合国国际人口学会编著的《人口学字典》的定义,国际上通常把60岁以上的人口占总人口比例达10%%,或65岁以上人口占总人口的比重达7%%作为一个国家或地区进入老龄化社会(Aging Society)的标准,而65岁以上人口占总人口比例达14%%时则视该社会为老龄社会(Aged Society)。我国于2010年以10.33%%的老龄人口比例正式步入老龄化社会,目前是世界上老龄人口最多、

Abstract:This brief started by looking at the changing context for national and international healthcare systems, before reviewing the healthcare premises information, guidance and tools that underlie the approach in which sustainability is to be seen as integrated with evidence-based design rather than as divorced and separate themes. However, to understand the role these aspects play, it is also essential to consider both the historical context and, in particular, the organisational structures of the different healthcare systems whether these are national or international. This chapter discusses emerging issues from the approach that adopts design for sustainability integrated with evidence-based design. The aim is to help decision-making within the area of healthcare premises, planning and design whether this is nationally or globally. The crucial emerging issues start with the problem of definitions of ‘Evidence’ and ‘Sustainability’ but include the debates surrounding several themes: Centralisation versus Decentralisation, the nature of Public versus Private Sector Involvement, National versus International Standards to Prescription versus Performance Standards. Addressing these issues has an important bearing on the development of design for sustainability and evidence-based design as science.

Abstract:Labour mobility has been extensively studied in China and the European Union (EU). However, there has been very little attempt to compare internal migration in the EU and China. This article provides an account of an initial exploratory quantitative comparison of EU and Chinese internal migration. The article first makes the case for comparing the EU and China in the context of the growing literature on international comparisons of migration. Problems of data and definition are then explored, and a review of the literature undertaken to identify which determinants could be used as the basis of comparative study. Mobility patterns are measured by comparing selected indicators including inequality, dispersion and effectiveness. The migration process is then measured in terms of the elasticities of internal migration responses to various contributing factors, among which spatial adjacency, distance, economic prospects, labour market, migrant networks, and immigration policy are filtered out and employed for the study. Gross migration flow models are calibrated to produce initial comparative results, using fixed-effect negative binomial regression methods and a variety of sources of data. The conclusion discusses how this initial exploration has helped identify some potential research directions for future work.

Abstract:Suzhou is China's historic water town, and a sustainable approach to watershed revitalization is firmly on the agenda. The practice of integrated watershed management requires collaborative planning involving a significant number of stakeholders; no single organization can solve the problems of ecosystem management unilaterally. The changing social-political environment in China has led to the development of a new form of governance. China is in transition from the traditional government image of a regulator and a controller towards an enabler that facilitates provision and action by, and through, others. Global case studies show that sustainability issues are essential to tackling watershed ecosystem management by creating a win-win strategy for wider stakeholders. Viewed from an institutional perspective, the emergence of a new collaborative partnership model requires a different implementation process to tackle practical problems in the face of complex watershed agendas. Drawing upon global and China's experiences, the paper concludes that some planning processes require government leadership continuity, while others need bottom-up approaches.

Abstract:简要介绍了英国可持续建筑教育的现状,并通过分析其在推行相关教学改革过程中所面临的主要问题,指出融合专业知识及职业道德的综合人才培养模式是取得教学改革成功的关键。

Abstract:A Virtual Reality (VR) based teaching and learning tool is proposed in the present paper. A virtual 3D environment is built for students to conceive their design ideas, plan the layout, design the structure, construct the products (buildings, communities, infrastructures, etc.), and to directly interact with the products they designed. The aim of the research is to strengthen the learning-by-doing approach. The objectives are (1) to build a VR design environment for students to experience corresponding impact from different scenarios, which will help the student understand and investigate different design theories and schemes; (2) to build a VR construction environment for students to investigate how the building is built and what are the safety issues should be noted when visiting a construction site; and (3) to provide an collaborative environment for students in the Built Environment domain for better communication through a complete building project featuring active and experiential learning. Students with different majors in the cluster can work together in a design project using the VR platform so as to enable collaboration work, which is a common working situation in reality. A game was developed to guide the students to explore a virtual construction site by answering technical questions and carrying on tasks resolving safety hazards on site. Unity is used as the game engine to develop the package. VR software package, VIVE, is used to realize the interaction between the virtual environment and the user interactively and immersively. Students from the Civil Engineering were invited to play the game and give feedbacks using a questionnaire. Positive comments were given by the students showing that they were very interested in playing such a technical game. Most of the students were willing to spend more time in finding answers after playing that game. In this way, the benefits of the research could be (1) Enhancing the understanding of conceptual design ideas and how to make better designs in urban planning, architecture, and civil engineering domains; (2) Better accessibility to more realistic structural products in a large scale; and (3) Improving professional skills such as teamwork and communication in the VR-aided learning-by-doing process. © 2018 EUCEET 2018 - 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering Education Challenges for the Third Millennium. All rights reserved.

Abstract:The most recent extreme heat recorded in Europe re-alerts the world to the threat of heat stress. Future extreme heat events are reported to be more frequent, long-lasting, and intense. The intense exposure to hot temperatures can cause an excess of heat-related deaths, leading to an increasing risk of heal-related health. In reducing Heat Health Risk (HHR), the use of fine-scale evidence-based mapping of heat-related health risk index (HHRI) and its underlying contributors is essential for policy-making and site-specific action plans. However, its use is still considered to be at an early stage, especially in high-density cities like Hong Kong. This study conducted a spatially explicit assessment of HHR in Hong Kong and constructed a HHRI based on indicators categorized through Principle Component Analysis (PCA) into four meaningful components representing social/language, social isolation, socioeconomic, and urbanization/environmental risks. The applicability of the index was validated against heat-related mortality data at the community level. The community-level maps of HHRI and its subcomponents revealed that portions of Kowloon Peninsula had always suffered exceptionally high HHR ten years ago and after, but the hot spots and problematic communities experienced displacement and the dominant underlying factors of their HHR also varied. Results also showed that HHRI correlated fairly well with the heat-related deaths ratio (R-2 = 0.60) at the community level for most of Hong Kong (62.33%% of all communities that contain 81.69%% of total population). Our analysis results helped generate an evidence-based index to assess HHR in high-density cities like Hong Kong and provided fine-scale maps of the index and its subcomponents, with the aim of benefiting site-specific policy making and optimizing the existing action plans. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Abstract:The paper reviews the concepts of creative industry, cultural industry, cultural creative industry and creative city. It explains the emergence and evolvement of these terms, and summarizes features of cultural creative industry, namely uncertain markets, maximizing user number, flexible labor market, and project-based production. The paper also explores the roles of urban planning and public policy in nurturing the new urban economy. Two distinctive case studies are used to complement extensive literature review. One is Vancouver's attempt to develop film industry with market-oriented approaches and the other is Singapore's endeavour to build 'Global City for the Arts' with government guidance and support. These two cases provide both theoretical and practical references to the Chinese cities undergoing industrial restructuring.

Abstract:This chapter intends to be both scientifically sound and narratively engaging, given the richness of the work done in Gagliato as experienced by the authors. As a matter of fact, besides the research done remotely, the authors gathered in Gagliato in July 2017 for a one-week participatory design workshop, getting to know the local context, talking with local people, materialising the focus groups implemented on site in future visions of sustainable development. Gagliato is a hilly town located in the province of Catanzaro in Calabria, overlooking the Ionian Sea. The chapter introduces a theoretical section regarding current debates on transdisciplinary research and the reason why Gagliato has been considered a suitable case to test it. The enabling conditions and potential barriers to achieve meaningful transdisciplinary outcomes and consequently tangible positive urban transformation of the experience of Gagliato will be discussed in relationship to the various phases of the project.

Abstract:This paper summarises important lessons on city renewal based on a case study of the evolution of the slums in Shefifeld, UK, between 18C to 19C. Based on this case study, this paper provides a new thought on issues related to urban villages in China’s urbanization process, and indicates that there are three important issues that need to be taken into account in the renewal of urban villages. First, it is important to explore issues arising in the renewal process from an integrated perspective and give priority to sustainable development of the reallocated communities. It is expected that the integrative implementation of short-term, medium-term and long-term actions would help avoid the vicious circle of demolition and rebuild. Second, it is important to ensure the high quality of the reallocated communities. Third, the reallocated communities should be designed towards a mixed development pattern.

Abstract:The chapter problematizes the nature of ‘culture’-led urban regeneration practices in Shanghai by differentiating between the intentions of regenerative efforts and the real outcomes of policy initiatives. Based on the case study of Shanghai Sculpture Space, the chapter reveals that Shanghai’s so-called ‘culture’- led urban regeneration program implemented through public-private partnership was actually propertyled. The biggest beneficiaries of the process were landed interests. The heavy involvement of the local state and government-linked institutions, however, did not result in the honoring of community sociocultural needs that a genuine culture-led urban regeneration project would require.

Abstract:结合国际医疗环境设计辅助工具和我国医疗建筑可持续评价标准的分析及对比,提出适用于我国的绿色医疗建筑环境设计辅助工具,在医疗建筑项目的策划阶段为建筑从业人员和所有参与策划的团队搭建技术交流平台,为促进多方合作效率和医疗建筑环境的整体设计品质提供学术支持和研究基础。